It is as if, when it comes to the point, Jane Austen has either lost interest or lost conviction. There is in most of her novels (Emma is the obvious exception) a recurring pattern which shows us a heroine undervalued by those around her. The unfolding narrative is at one level a Cinderella story of how her worth is recognized by the hero who, in spite of obstacles, carries her off at the end of the novel. No other of the heroines is quite so undervalued as Fanny, no other comes quite so close to the fairy-tale paradigm. And in the end Jane Austen seems almost to be acknowledging that a fairy-tale is what it is. “I purposely abstain from dates on this occasion,” she writes, “that everyone may be at liberty to fix their own.” She merely urges us to believe that all turned out exactly as it should, and that at just the natural moment Edmund “became as anxious to marry Fanny, as Fanny herself could desire.” Her tone playfully advertises the unreality of the conclusion. It is perhaps a final mark of the unflinching honesty of this book that Jane Austen, situated as she was and knowing what she knew, could not quite put her heart into the business of happy endings.
Dr. Ian Littlewood
School of Cultural and Community Studies
University of Sussex
Mansfield Park
Chapter 1
About thirty years ago, Miss Maria Ward of Huntingdon, with only seven thousand pounds, had the good luck to captivate Sir Thomas Bertram, of Mansfield Park, in the county of Northampton, and to be thereby raised to the rank of a baronet’s lady, with all the comforts and consequences of an handsome house and large income. All Huntingdon exclaimed on the greatness of the match, and her uncle, the lawyer, himself, allowed her to be at least three thousand pounds short of any equitable claim to it. She had two sisters to be benefited by her elevation; and such of their acquaintance as thought Miss Ward and Miss Frances quite as handsome as Miss Maria, did not scruple to predict their marrying with almost equal advantage. But there certainly are not so many men of large fortune in the world, as there are pretty women to deserve them. Miss Ward, at the end of half a dozen years, found herself obliged to be attached to the Revd Mr. Norris, a friend of her brother-in-law, with scarcely any private fortune, and Miss Frances fared yet worse. Miss Ward’s match, indeed, when it came to the point, was not contemptible, Sir Thomas being happily able to give his friend an income in the living of Mansfield, and Mr. and Mrs. Norris began their career of conjugal felicity with very little less than a thousand a year. But Miss Frances married, in the common phrase, to disoblige her family, and by fixing on a Lieutenant of Marines, without education, fortune, or connections, did it very thoroughly. She could hardly have made a more untoward choice. Sir Thomas Bertram had interest, which, from principle as well as pride, from a general wish of doing right and a desire of seeing all that were connected with him in situations of respectability, he would have been glad to exert for the advantage of Lady Bertram’s sister; but her husband’s profession was such as no interest could reach; and before he had time to devise any other method of assisting them, an absolute breach between the sisters had taken place. It was the natural result of the conduct of each party, and such as a very imprudent marriage almost always produces. To save herself from useless remonstrance, Mrs. Price never wrote to her family on the subject till actually married. Lady Bertram, who was a woman of very tranquil feelings, and a temper remarkably easy and indolent, would have contented herself with merely giving up her sister, and thinking no more of the matter: but Mrs. Norris had a spirit of activity, which could not be satisfied till she had written a long and angry letter to Fanny, to point out the folly of her conduct, and threaten her with all its possible ill consequences. Mrs. Price in her turn was injured and angry; and an answer which comprehended each sister in its bitterness, and bestowed such very disrespectful reflections on the pride of Sir Thomas, as Mrs. Norris could not possibly keep to herself, put an end to all intercourse between them for a considerable period.