I think that much of the Slavic temperament must be the result of a long-term adaptation to the weather and farming conditions of the north European plain. When the need arises, we are capable of working for months on end with only a little sleep, doing incredible amounts of work, three or four times what people from gentler climates could do. Incredible, that is, to any outsider. To us, it seems only normal.
But when the need is not there, as happens during the long northern winter, we become lethargic, food consumption drops, and spending twenty hours a day in bed seems like a pleasant thing. Having someone to help you keep warm is nice, too, and that also is a part of the Slavic temperament.
In a desert country, the cutting edge of nature is that there is sometimes not enough water. When it is in short supply, and there is not enough for everyone, every man becomes the competitor, the natural enemy of every other man. That is reflected in the temperament of the desert peoples, and by Polish standards they become harsh, ruthless, and cruel.
But when the great killer is not the lack of food or water, but the cold of a five-month winter, every person about you is one more source of heat! The more your friends, the larger your family, the greater your chances of surviving the winter. Good interpersonal skills, concern for others, and love have high survival value. So does a strong sense of group loyalty.
During the long winter, there is little to do much of the time but talk, and any subject of conversation is welcome. Things are debated at length, and there is time for everyone to have his say. Decisions are made by eventual consensus.
But when it’s time to work, there is no more time for talk. Things must be done, and soon, or winter will close in again without enough food stored up. At such times, we Slavs work well as a group, without argument, and with a solidarity that an Arab couldn’t conceive of.
A hundred wheelbarrows had been made to my specifications, and they stayed in steady use. Split logs had been laid along the paths to make pushing them easier.
Everyone was friendly, but busy, so I was left to look things over myself. The seeds I had brought in were doing fairly well. There were small patches of corn, beans, winter squash, and pumpkins that could be left until the more critical crops-the grains-were in. The tiny patches of hybrid grains had been harvested and carefully been kept separate from the standard crops. In fact, Count Lambert had them stored in his own bedroom, to make sure that they wouldn’t be eaten by mistake. He showed them to me that night.
“Look at this, Sir Conrad!” He held open a sack with a few pounds of rye in it. “All that grew from the one tiny handful of seed you brought!”
It looked normal enough. “What of it, my lord?”
“What of it? Why, that must be a return of fifty to one! Don’t you realize that five to one is considered excellent, and three to one is normal?”
“No, my lord, I guess I didn’t. You mean that each year, you people have to take one-third of your grain and replant it, just to get next year’s harvest?”
“That’s exactly what I mean. Do you mean to tell me that returns of fifty to one are considered normal among your people?”
“I’m not sure, my lord. I wasn’t a farmer. But my impression was that the amount of seed required was small. Usually, a farmer didn’t replant his own grain. He bought seed from someone who specialized in producing it.”
“Those specialists did damn well! I only hope we can do as good. Be assured that every seed of these grains will be carefully hoarded and planted next spring. Now, with most of your crops, the seeds are obvious, but what do we do about the root crops?”
“The important ones are the potatoes and the sugar beets, my lord. The potatoes, I know how to grow. It’s unusual to grow them from seeds, as we did this year. Normally, you cut the potato so that each piece has one of the eyes on it and plant the pieces. The sugar beets worry me. I don’t know how to make them go to seed.”
“Well, if they’re like any other beet, they seed in the second year. Some kinds you just leave in the ground. Some you bury in a deep hole, then replant in the spring. Some you store in a basement.”
“I think it might be best to try all three, my lord. One way might work.”
“We’ll do that. Think! A beet that’s as big as a man’s head!” .
“It’s not just the size, my lord. Those beets are about one-sixth sugar. Once we have enough of them, I’ll work on the manufacturing processes to extract that sugar, and you will have a very valuable cash crop.”
“Well, we can but try. But it is late, and I’m minded to retire. Good night, Sir Conrad.”
I’d taken the precaution of renewing my friendship with one of the girls from the cloth factory, so it was indeed a good night.
The next day I had a talk with Krystyana’s father. This might have been an awkward confrontation, since I was sleeping with his daughter but didn’t intend to marry her. It wasn’t. He treated the relationship as one only to be expected. He was more concerned about the rose bushes.
Last Christmas, I’d given Krystyana a package of seeds for Japanese roses, and she had planted them in front of her parents’ home. They were doing entirely too well, and already they were inconveniently large. He wanted me to ask her if he could uproot them. Of course, as her father, he didn’t need her permission to do anything, but the wise man keeps peace in his household. I asked that instead of tearing the bushes out, he simply prune them, and plant the cuttings to see if they wouldn’t grow roots. Japanese roses might be too big for his front yard, but they would make a very good fence in the fields. He liked the idea and agreed to try it right after the harvest was in. If they didn’t take, he’d try again in the spring, and if the bushes wouldn’t grow from cuttings, they’d certainly grow from seed.
This was the second good year in a row, and last year he hadn’t been able to get the last of his barley in before the fall rains ruined it. This year, he had a wheelbarrow, and that had made all the difference. With it, he could carry three times as much in a day, and he was actually ahead of schedule. Now he was worried that he might not be able to store it all. I guess a farmer has to worry about something.
The next morning, I was with Anna, making the run north to Bytom. We arrived hours before noon, and I was soon talking to a junior herald who didn’t seem to have much else to do.
“Less than a hundred people,” he said. “Usually the crowd is much larger.”
“I suppose having it during the middle of the harvest keeps most people away,” I said.
“True, my lord, but it had to be fought now since it will determine the ownership of the harvest of these fields. Also keeping down the crowd is the fact that the trial is not to the death. Only an inheritance is at issue. There is no truly injured party, so it need be fought only to first blood.”
“What’s the fight about?”
“It’s simple enough. A man died without male issue. His wife and daughter would have inherited, but a male cousin of the deceased claimed that they would not be able to do the military duty due on the land, and so claimed that he was honor-bound to challenge the ownership of it. Many women would have compromised with him, yielding a portion of the property in return for the cousin’s doing the military duty.”
“But Lady Maria is made of tougher stuff. She’s hired a champion to defend her, and now the cousin is doubtless regretting his earlier greed. He has no choice but to go through with it, and he hasn’t a chance of winning. Rumor has it that he has bribed the champion, Sir Boleslaw, to go easy on him, though the truth of that isn’t for me to say.”
“So the outcome is preordained and probably fixed. No wonder it hasn’t drawn much of a crowd,” I said. “I’ve heard that it’s possible to get a fighting lesson or two from a champion. How do I go about doing that?”
“You talk to one of his squires, my lord. They’re the ones over there in the gray-and-brown livery, good heraldic colors in Poland, though they aren’t used in western Europe. You’ll have to pay six or twelve pence for the privilege of a lesson, of course. By definition, a professional is one who does it for money.”