for prisons around the world, erred in stating that it opened in 1822 instead of
1829.
17. The Financier (1912), 575, 467, 470, 659–60.
n o t e s t o p a g e s 2 2 0 – 2 2 6
4 3 5
18. TDCR, 101–4, 106, 114.
19. TDCR, 107, 126, 128; and DML, 1: 110–11.
20. Maurice Bassan, Hawthorne’s Son: The Life and Literary Career of Julian
Hawthorne (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1970), 212–20.
21. H. I. Brock, review of The Reef, New York Times, November 24, 1912.
22. Douglas Z. Doty to Grant Richards, undated, and William W. Ellsworth
to Grant Richards, August 15, 1913 (Texas).
23. Grant Richards, Author Hunting: Memories of Years Spent Mainly in Pub-
lishing (London: Unicorn Press, 1934, 1960), 154; and TD to Grant Richards, July
12; Richards to TD, August 8; TD to Richards, December 16, 1912; and Dou-
glas Z. Doty to Richards, October 19, 1913 (Texas).
24. TD to Grant Richards, July 24, 1912; Grant Richards to TD, August 8,
1912 (Texas); and Richards, Author Hunting.
25. Thomas P. Riggio, “Dreiser: Autobiographical Fragment, 1911,” DS 18
(Spring 1987): 12–21; “An Author ‘Personally Connected,’” New York Times, No-
vember 30, 1913; and Richards, Author Hunting, 167. When the initial sales for
The Financier were less than expected, Richards wrote Dreiser on May 15, 1912,
“I understand that you won’t tie yourself up for any future book.” Dreiser agreed
that the sales had been disappointing, but he was intent on going through with
the three-book deal on the trilogy with Harper’s, telling Richards bluntly: “I have
no particular quarrel with the house. They are civil & fairly decent as publish-
ers” ( L, 1: 143–44).
26. “The Lost Phoebe,” Century Magazine 91 (April 1916): 885–96, reprinted
in Free and DML, 1: 154. “The Father” was never published; it survives among
Dreiser’s papers at Penn.
27. Hamlin Garland’s Diaries, ed. Donald Pizer (San Marino: Huntington
Library, 1968), 123; Kim Townsend, Sherwood Anderson (Boston: Houghton
Mi›in Company, 1987), 310; and Sherwood Anderson’s Memoirs: A Critical Edi-
tion, ed. Ray Lewis White (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1969),
451. In 1964 Floyd Dell wrote that even though Anderson “began to tell people
that it was Dreiser who got Windy published, . . . this wasn’t true.” See William
A. Sutton, The Road to Winesburg (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1972), 609.
Powys’s description of first meeting Dreiser is quoted in “Table Talk,” Powys So-
ciety Newsletter 44 (November 2001): 24.
28. Edgar Lee Masters to TD, November 27 and December 3, 1912 (Penn);
and Masters, Across Spoon River (1936; repr. New York: Octagon Books, 1969),
329–30.
29. William C. Lengel to TD, July 1, [1912], and October 5, 1912 (Penn).
30. Floyd Dell, “A Great Novel,” Chicago Evening Post Literary Review, No-
vember 3, 1911, reprinted in TDCR, 64–68; Dell, Homecoming: An Autobiogra-
phy (New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1933), 224; and TD, “This Madness. The
n o t e s t o p a g e s 2 2 7 – 2 3 3
4 3 6
Book of Sidonie,” Hearst’s International-Cosmopolitan 86 ( June 1929): 85. Markham was the basis for the fictional “Sidonie”; see chapter 14.
31. Maurice Browne, Too Late to Lament: An Autobiography (Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, 1956), 133–34; and John Cowper Powys, Autobiogra-
phy (1934; repr. London: Picador, 1967), 551, 648.
32. Kirah Markham [Elaine Hyman] to TD, February 4, 1916; and Markham
to Helen Dreiser, December 27, 1952 (Penn).
33. “The Naturalism of Mr. Dreiser,” Nation 101 (December 2, 1915): 648–50,
reprinted in Stuart P. Sherman, On Contemporary Literature (New York: Henry
Holt and Company, 1917) as “The Barbaric Naturalism of Theodore Dreiser.”
See also Donald Pizer, ed., Critical Essays on Theodore Dreiser (Boston: G. K. Hall
& Co., 1981), 4–12. Ford’s comment is quoted in FF, 302.
34. H. L. Mencken, “Adventures among the New Novels,” The Smart Set 43
(August 1914): 153–57; and Baltimore Evening Sun, May 23, 1914; reprinted in
TDCR, 172–73, 194–98.
35. Pizer, Novels of Theodore Dreiser, 184.
36. See Philip L. Gerber, “The Alabaster Protégé: Dreiser and Berenice Flem-
ing,” American Literature 43 (May 1971): 217–30; and his “Jolly Mrs. Yerkes Is
Home from Abroad: Dreiser and the Celebrity Culture,” in Theodore Dreiser and
American Culture: New Readings, ed. Yoshinobu Hakutani (Newark: University
of Delaware Press, 2000), 79–103.
37. See Kirah Markham to TD, May 9, 20, 21, 24, 1913, and May 1913 (Penn).
38. Floyd Dell to TD, March 31, 1913; and William C. Lengel to TD, March
31, 1913 (Penn).
39. DML, 1: 132, 135–36; and Anna Tatum to TD, March 16, 1914 (Penn).
40. J. Jeªerson Jones to TD, April 20, 1914 (Penn).
41. DML, 1: 135, 63, 129.
42. DML, 1: 148, 144.
43. CP, ix.
44. CP, 11. Further quotes from the plays are to this edition.
45. DML, 1: 145; Terry Teachout, The Skeptic: A Life of H. L. Mencken (New
York: Harper Collins, 2002), 26; and H. L. Mencken, My Life as Author and Ed-
itor, ed. Jonathan Yardley (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993), 152.
46. CP, xvi.
47. Mencken, My Life, 152–53; and Letters of John Cowper Powys to His Brother
Llewelyn, ed. Malcolm Elwin (London: Village Press, 1975), 1: 116.
48. Washington Square Plays, ed. Walter Prichard Eaton (New York: Dou-
bleday, 1916), xii.
49. “The Girl in the Co‹n,” The Smart Set 41 (October 1913): 127–40; “The
Blue Sphere,” The Smart Set 44 (December 1914): 245–52; “In the Dark,” The
Smart Set 45 ( January 1915): 419–25; and “Laughing Gas,” The Smart Set 45 (Feb-
n o t e s t o p a g e s 2 3 4 – 2 4 1
4 3 7
ruary 1915): 85–94. “The Spring Recital” appeared in Little Review 2 (December 1915): 28–35; and “The Light in the Window” in the International 10 ( January
1916): 6–8, 32.
50. DML, 1: 146–47.
51. Kirah Markham to W. A. Swanberg, August 23, 1964 (Penn); quoted in
CP, xv.
52. Keith Newlin, “Expressionism Takes the Stage: Dreiser’s ‘Laughing Gas,’”
Journal of American Drama 4 ( Winter 1992): 5–22; and Richard Goldstone,
Thornton Wilder: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Saturday Review Press, 1975),
118–19.
53. “A Word Concerning Birth Control,” Birth Control Review 5 (April 1921):
5; and Robert H. Elias, Theodore Dreiser: Apostle of Nature (Ithaca: Cornell Uni-
versity Press, 1970; orig. pub. 1948), 215. Later, in “The Right to Kill,” New York
Call, March 16, 1918, Dreiser argued that it was probably all right to kill the weak
and defective infant because “Life is a grinding game” in which the weak are
ground out anyway “after much suªering” ( TDS, 224–29).
54. D, 43–47.
e l e v e n . t h e g e n i u s h i m s e l f
1. Edgar Lee Masters, Spoon River Anthology, ed. John E. Hallwas (Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1992), 127.
2. Diary notes for A Hoosier Holiday, alternately entitled “Back to Indiana,”
August 5–7, 1915 (Penn).
3. HH, 22, 24–25, 13.
4. HH, 46, 50. This was Louise Campbell. Another Pennsylvanian who later
objected to Dreiser’s slight of the Quaker State was Albert Mordell, a longtime
acquaintance and literary admirer. See his “Talking About Pennsylvanians,”
Philadelphia Record, January 17, 1917; and his My Relations with Theodore Dreiser
(Girard, Kansas: Haldeman-Julius Publications, 1951), 12.
5. HH, 68.
6. HH, 173; and Donald Pizer, Richard W. Dowell, and Frederic E. Rusch,
eds., Theodore Dreiser: A Primary Bibliography and Reference Guide (Boston: G. K.
Hall, 1991), 8. Although it is not indicated, the following edition, recently pub-
lished, prints the altered passage instead of the original in what is purported to
be a duplication of the first edition: A Hoosier Holiday, intro. Douglas Brinkley
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997).
7. HH, 116.
8. HH, 78.
9. HH, 283, 311.
n o t e s t o p a g e s 2 4 1 – 2 4 9
4 3 8
10. HH, 312, 322–23.
11. HH, 353, 371, 393; and D, 11.
12. HH, 397, 424.
13. HH, 440; and D, 34–35.
14. HH, 486, 503–4; and diary notes (Penn).
15. TD to Murrel Cain, February 8, 1916 (Virginia); and HH, 512.
16. [Alfred] Joyce Kilmer, “The Novel Is Doomed, Will Harben Thinks,” New
York Times, October 3, 1915.
17. Thomas A. Bailey, The American Pageant: A History of the Republic (Lex-
ington, Mass.: D. C. Heath and Company, 1975), 749; TDCR, 242–44, 225–26,
232–33; and W. A. Swanberg, Dreiser (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1965),
194.
18. “The Saddest Story,” The New Republic 3 ( June 12, 1915): 155–56, reprinted
in TDS, 200–203; and DML, 1: 165, 187–88.
19. DML, 1: 164; FF, 327; and TDCR, 221, 225, 236, 243. Alternate titles are in the manuscript of The “Genius” (Penn).
20. DML, 1: 176, 149, 235.
21. TDCR, 218; and L, 3: 796–97. For Sonntag, see also TD, “The Color of