WHAT IS MAN? AND OTHER ESSAYS OF MARK TWAIN

is a heavy one. They comfortably jail and feed a wife-beater,

and leave his innocent wife and family to starve.

Y.M. Do you believe in the doctrine that man is equipped

with an intuitive perception of good and evil?

O.M. Adam hadn’t it.

Y.M. But has man acquired it since?

O.M. No. I think he has no intuitions of any kind. He

gets ALL his ideas, all his impressions, from the outside. I

keep repeating this, in the hope that I may impress it upon you

that you will be interested to observe and examine for yourself

and see whether it is true or false.

Y.M. Where did you get your own aggravating notions?

O.M. From the OUTSIDE. I did not invent them. They are

gathered from a thousand unknown sources. Mainly UNCONSCIOUSLY

gathered.

Y.M. Don’t you believe that God could make an inherently

honest man?

O.M. Yes, I know He could. I also know that He never did

make one.

Y.M. A wiser observer than you has recorded the fact that

“an honest man’s the noblest work of God.”

O.M. He didn’t record a fact, he recorded a falsity. It is windy,

and sounds well, but it is not true. God makes a man with honest

and dishonest POSSIBILITIES in him and stops there. The man’s

ASSOCIATIONS develop the possibilities–the one set or the other.

The result is accordingly an honest man or a dishonest one.

Y.M. And the honest one is not entitled to–

O.M. Praise? No. How often must I tell you that? HE is

not the architect of his honesty.

Y.M. Now then, I will ask you where there is any sense in

training people to lead virtuous lives. What is gained by it?

O.M. The man himself gets large advantages out of it, and

that is the main thing–to HIM. He is not a peril to his

neighbors, he is not a damage to them–and so THEY get an

advantage out of his virtues. That is the main thing to THEM.

It can make this life comparatively comfortable to the parties

concerned; the NEGLECT of this training can make this life a

constant peril and distress to the parties concerned.

Y.M. You have said that training is everything; that

training is the man HIMSELF, for it makes him what he is.

O.M. I said training and ANOTHER thing. Let that other

thing pass, for the moment. What were you going to say?

Y.M. We have an old servant. She has been with us twenty-

two years. Her service used to be faultless, but now she has

become very forgetful. We are all fond of her; we all recognize

that she cannot help the infirmity which age has brought her; the

rest of the family do not scold her for her remissnesses, but at

times I do–I can’t seem to control myself. Don’t I try? I do

try. Now, then, when I was ready to dress, this morning, no

clean clothes had been put out. I lost my temper; I lose it

easiest and quickest in the early morning. I rang; and

immediately began to warn myself not to show temper, and to be

careful and speak gently. I safe-guarded myself most carefully.

I even chose the very word I would use: “You’ve forgotten the

clean clothes, Jane.” When she appeared in the door I opened my

mouth to say that phrase–and out of it, moved by an instant

surge of passion which I was not expecting and hadn’t time to put

under control, came the hot rebuke, “You’ve forgotten them

again!” You say a man always does the thing which will best

please his Interior Master. Whence came the impulse to make

careful preparation to save the girl the humiliation of a rebuke?

Did that come from the Master, who is always primarily concerned

about HIMSELF?

O.M. Unquestionably. There is no other source for any

impulse. SECONDARILY you made preparation to save the girl, but

PRIMARILY its object was to save yourself, by contenting the

Master.

Y.M. How do you mean?

O.M. Has any member of the family ever implored you to

watch your temper and not fly out at the girl?

Y.M. Yes. My mother.

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