WHAT IS MAN? AND OTHER ESSAYS OF MARK TWAIN

the papal court a few centuries later. To have seen these things

makes me feel very near to him, almost like a member of the

family, in fact. While wandering about the Continent he arrived

at the spot on the Rhine which is now occupied by Sackingen, and

proposed to settle there, but the people warned him off. He

appealed to the king of the Franks, who made him a present of the

whole region, people and all. He built a great cloister there

for women and proceeded to teach in it and accumulate more land.

There were two wealthy brothers in the neighborhood, Urso and

Landulph. Urso died and Fridolin claimed his estates. Landulph

asked for documents and papers. Fridolin had none to show. He

said the bequest had been made to him by word of mouth. Landulph

suggested that he produce a witness and said it in a way which he

thought was very witty, very sarcastic. This shows that he did

not know the walking delegate. Fridolin was not disturbed.

He said:

“Appoint your court. I will bring a witness.”

The court thus created consisted of fifteen counts and

barons. A day was appointed for the trial of the case. On that

day the judges took their seats in state, and proclamation was

made that the court was ready for business. Five minutes, ten

minutes, fifteen minutes passed, and yet no Fridolin appeared.

Landulph rose, and was in the act of claiming judgment by default

when a strange clacking sound was heard coming up the stairs.

In another moment Fridolin entered at the door and came walking

in a deep hush down the middle aisle, with a tall skeleton

stalking in his rear.

Amazement and terror sat upon every countenance, for everybody

suspected that the skeleton was Urso’s. It stopped before the

chief judge and raised its bony arm aloft and began to speak,

while all the assembled shuddered, for they could see the

words leak out between its ribs. It said:

“Brother, why dost thou disturb my blessed rest and withhold

by robbery the gift which I gave thee for the honor of God?”

It seems a strange thing and most irregular, but the verdict

was actually given against Landulph on the testimony of this

wandering rack-heap of unidentified bones. In our day a skeleton

would not be allowed to testify at all, for a skeleton has no

moral responsibility, and its word could not be believed on oath,

and this was probably one of them. However, the incident is

valuable as preserving to us a curious sample of the quaint laws

of evidence of that remote time–a time so remote, so far back

toward the beginning of original idiocy, that the difference

between a bench of judges and a basket of vegetables was as yet

so slight that we may say with all confidence that it didn’t

really exist.

During several afternoons I have been engaged in an

interesting, maybe useful, piece of work–that is to say, I have

been trying to make the mighty Jungfrau earn her living–earn it

in a most humble sphere, but on a prodigious scale, on a

prodigious scale of necessity, for she couldn’t do anything in a

small way with her size and style. I have been trying to make

her do service on a stupendous dial and check off the hours as

they glide along her pallid face up there against the sky, and

tell the time of day to the populations lying within fifty miles

of her and to the people in the moon, if they have a good

telescope there.

Until late in the afternoon the Jungfrau’s aspect is that of

a spotless desert of snow set upon edge against the sky. But by

mid-afternoon some elevations which rise out of the western

border of the desert, whose presence you perhaps had not detected

or suspected up to that time, began to cast black shadows

eastward across the gleaming surface. At first there is only one

shadow; later there are two. Toward 4 P.M. the other day I was

gazing and worshiping as usual when I chanced to notice that

shadow No. 1 was beginning to take itself something of the shape

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