The Last Titan. A Life of Theodore Dreiser

viously attained.”

29. D holograph, material deleted from chap. LXXIX; and D, 469–73.

30. D, 488.

31. D, 491, 495.

32. D, 513.

33. D, 506, 512.

n o t e s t o p a g e s 3 0 – 4 2

4 1 4

34. D, 516–19.

35. D, 523–24.

36. D, 527–28.

37. D holograph, material deleted from chap. LXXXVI; and D, 535–38.

38. D, 557–64.

39. D, 567.

40. D, 582–85.

41. D holograph, material deleted from chap. XXVI.

42. ND, 31–37. This second and final volume of a planned four-volume au-

tobiography was first published as A Book About Myself by Boni & Liveright in

1922; it was reissued as Newspaper Days by the same publisher in 1931.

t h r e e . t h i s m a t t e r o f r e p o r t i n g

1. ND, 38, 691.

2. ND, 6–8, 42; and DML, 1: 196–97.

3. ND, 45–54.

4. ND, 63, 57.

5. ND, 59.

6. “Cheyenne, Haunt of Misery and Crime,” in TDJ, 4–7.

7. ND, 127.

8. TDJ, 7; and ND, 81–82.

9. ND, 91–94.

10. ND, 86–87.

11. See chapter 1 and ND, 128.

12. ND, 102–3, 128. In an interview with W. A. Swanberg on May 22, 1964,

Dreiser’s niece Vera Dreiser said: “I believe that all his life TD confused impo-

tence with premature ejaculation” (Penn).

13. ND, 84; and “The Return of Genius,” TDJ, 16–17; also reprinted in TDS,

33–35.

14. Robert H. Elias, Theodore Dreiser: Apostle of Nature (Ithaca: Cornell Uni-

versity Press, 1979; orig. pub. 1948), 42–43; and W. A. Swanberg, Dreiser (New

York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1965), 39.

15. James Neal Primm, Lion of the Valley: St. Louis, Missouri, 1764–1980 (St.

Louis: Missouri Historical Society Press, 1981), 1: 32–33.

16. Eugene Field, A Little Book of Western Verse (1889; repr. Great Neck, N.Y.:

Cora Collection Books, Inc., 1979), 36.

17. ND, 107; Jim Allee Hart, A History of the St. Louis Globe-Democrat (Co-

lumbia: University of Missouri Press, 1961), 136–60; and Charles C. Clayton,

Little Mack: Joseph B. McCullagh (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press,

1969), 216–23, and passim.

n o t e s t o p a g e s 4 2 – 5 5

4 1 5

18. “The Animal in Us,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, January 8, 1893.

19. “Tortured and Burned,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, February 2, 1893;

“Vengeance Again in Repose,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, February 3, 1893; and

“Race Troubles in Texas,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, February 6, 1893. See also

T. D. Nostwich, “The Source of Dreiser’s ‘Nigger Jeª,’” Resources for American

Literary Study 8 (Autumn 1978): 174–87; and TDJ, 251–58. Nostwich prints in

both of these sources an article from the St. Louis Republic of January 18, 1894,

entitled “Ten-Foot Drop,” which much more closely parallels the plot of “Nig-

ger Jeª ” and is discussed in chapter 6.

20. ND, 108.

21. ND, 148–49.

22. ND, 200–206.

23. TDJ, 38–55.

24. ND, 208, 211.

25. Arch T. Edmonston to TD, September 27, 1929 (Penn).

26. See the chapters on Whitman and Twain in Shelley Fisher Fishkin, From

Fact to Fiction: Journalism and Imaginative Writing in America (New York: Ox-

ford University Press, 1985).

27. Despite the unlikelihood that TD wrote the piece, “John L. Out for a

Lark” is included in TDJ, 90–91. See also ND, 184, where TD writes of Sulli-

van: “I adored him. I would have written anything he asked, and I got up the

very best interview I could and published it.”

28. Theodore Dreiser’s “Heard in the Corridors” Articles and Related Writings,

ed. T. D. Nostwich (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1988), 141–42.

29. Clarence Gohdes, “Amusements on the Stage,” in Literature of the Amer-

ican People, ed. Arthur Hobson Quinn (New York: Appleton-Century, Inc.,

1951), 790.

30. Arthur Hobson Quinn, A History of the American Drama from the Civil

War to the Present Day (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1936), 1–38;

and ND, 219, 712.

31. ND, 215–16; TDJ, 91; and ND, 225–26.

32. TDJ, 94; and ND, 716–17.

33. See “An Able Dramatic Critic” in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and “Imag-

inative Journalism” in the St. Louis Chronicle of May 1, 1893, both afternoon

papers.

34. ND, 255–56.

35. H. B. Wandell to Boni & Liveright, December 29, 1922 (Penn); and ND,

126.

36. See TDJ, 99–265; and T. D. Nostwich, “Dreiser’s ‘Poet of Potter’s Field,’”

DS 18 (Fall 1987): 3.

37. ND, 339–45.

38. ND, 190–99, 282–84.

n o t e s t o p a g e s 5 6 – 6 6

4 1 6

39. TDJ, 127.

40. ND, 308.

41. Donald L. Miller, City of the Century: The Epic of Chicago and the Mak-

ing of America (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996), 488–91; and Gary Szu-

berla, “Dreiser at the World’s Fair,” Modern Fiction Studies 23 (Autumn 1977):

369–79.

42. ND, 306.

43. ND, 385; and Alphonse Dreiser to TD, February 23, 1897 (Penn).

44. ND, 394.

45. ND, 425, 434, 439.

46. HH, 248, where Hutchinson is unmarried. In ND (453) he is married.

f o u r . s u r v i v a l o f t h e f i t t e s t

1. ND, 440; and Richard W. Dowell, “‘You Will Not Like Me, Im Sure’:

Dreiser to Miss Emma Rector, November 28, 1893, to April 4, 1894,” American

Literary Realism 3 (Summer 1970): 259–70.

2. ND, 447, 485, 491.

3. HH, 248; and ND, 451.

4. HH, 250–51.

5. HH, 253; and Maude Wood Henry to Robert H. Elias, March 12, 1945 (Cor-

nell). In this letter, Henry’s first wife maintains that Dreiser and Henry did not

meet until 1895, when Dreiser was editor of Ev’ry Month, while Henry is quoted

in FF (104) as saying he met Dreiser in Toledo while he was city editor of the

Blade. See Maude Wood Henry to Elias, April 2, 1945 (Cornell), for her hus-

band’s alleged relation to Patrick Henry.

6. Arthur Henry, Nicholas Blood, Candidate; A Prophecy (New York: Oliver

Dodd, 1890), 32, 39, 200. There is a copy of Nicholas Blood, Candidate at Texas

that was thought to have markings in Dreiser’s hand, but it has now been es-

tablished that this is the handwriting of another who apparently approves of the

novel’s racist views and, further, oªers advice in punctuation and diction.

Dreiser, who is notorious for his disdain for spelling and grammar, would not

be giving Arthur Henry (who helped edit Sister Carrie) such advice. See D. Gene

England, “A Further Note on the ‘Dreiser’ Annotation,” DN 4 (Fall 1973): 9–10.

7. Ellen Moers, “A ‘New’ First Novel by Arthur Henry,” DN 4 (Fall 1973):

7–9; and James L. W. West III, “Nicholas Blood and Sister Carrie, ” Library Chronicle 44 (Spring 1979): 32–42.

8. Maude Henry Wood to Robert H. Elias, May 2, 1945 (Cornell).

9. FF, 104.

10. TDJ, 269–73; and the New York World, January 15–16, 1894. In the letter

to Elias of March 12, 1945, in which she states she did not remember Dreiser ever

n o t e s t o p a g e s 6 6 – 7 4

4 1 7

reporting for the Blade (and so meeting Henry at that time), Maude Wood Henry insists that she wrote the articles on the streetcar strike. She also asserts in this letter that Dreiser began Sister Carrie in 1897, which is highly improbable.

11. ND, 470–71.

12. ND, 474–75.

13. ND, 478–80.

14. ND, 486–87.

15. Thomas A. Bailey, The American Pageant: A History of the Republic (Lex-

ington, Mass.: D. C. Heath Company, 1975), 631–35.

16. ND, 487.

17. ND, 489.

18. ND, 501.

19. ND, 503–4.

20. ND, 496–97; and “The Shining Slave Makers,” Ainslee’s 7 ( June 1901):

445–50.

21. ND, 508; and the Pittsburgh Dispatch, April 5–6, 1894.

22. ND, 510–11; TDJ, 285–86; and “Thomas Brackett Reed: The Story of a

Great Career,” Success 3 ( June 1900): 215–16; reprinted in TDU, 78–85. See also

Yoshinobu Hakutani, “The Crucible of an American Writer: Dreiser in Pitts-

burgh,” in Studies in English Language and Literature in Honor of Professor Mi-

chio Masui’s Retirement (Tokyo: Kenkyusha-Shuppan, 1983), 513–22.

23. ND, 515; and Thomas P. Riggio, “Notes on the Origins of ‘Sister Car-

rie,’” Library Chronicle 44 (Spring 1979): 7–26. See also Philip Gerber, “Dreiser

Meets Balzac at the ‘Allegheny Carnegie,’” Carnegie Magazine 46 (April 1972):

137–39, where it is noted that the Allegheny Library at the time contained twenty-

eight titles by Balzac.

24. ND, 487; and DML, 1: 231–32. See chapter 5 for Dreiser’s experiment in

comic drama.

25. TDJ, 286–88. Crane’s “An Experiment in Misery” appeared in the New

York Press for April 24, 1894.

26. TDJ, 301.

27. Quoted in Lars Ahnebrink, “Garland and Dreiser: An Abortive Friend-

ship,” Midwest Journal 7 ( Winter 1955–56): 285–92; Dreiser’s letter to Garland,

dated January 8, 1903, is at the University of Southern California Library.