Personal Recollections of Joan by Mark Twain

When she learned that the court was made up of ecclesiastics in

the interest of the English, she begged that in fairness an equal

number of priests of the French party should be added to these.

Cauchon scoffed at her message, and would not even deign to

answer it.

By the law of the Church–she being a minor under twenty-one–it

was her right to have counsel to conduct her case, advise her how

to answer when questioned, and protect her from falling into traps

set by cunning devices of the prosecution. She probably did not

know that this was her right, and that she could demand it and

require it, for there was none to tell her that; but she begged for

this help, at any rate. Cauchon refused it. She urged and implored,

pleading her youth and her ignorance of the complexities and

intricacies of the law and of legal procedure. Cauchon refused

again, and said she must get along with her case as best she might

by herself. Ah, his heart was a stone.

Cauchon prepared the procЉs verbal. I will simplify that by calling

it the Bill of Particulars. It was a detailed list of the charges against

her, and formed the basis of the trial. Charges? It was a list of

suspicions and public rumors–those were the words used. It was

merely charged that she was suspected of having been guilty of

heresies, witchcraft, and other such offenses against religion.

Now by the law of the Church, a trial of that sort could not be

begun until a searching inquiry had been made into the history and

character of the accused, and it was essential that the result of this

inquiry be added to the procЉs verbal and form a part of it. You

remember that that was the first thing they did before the trial at

Poitiers. They did it again now. An ecclesiastic was sent to

Domremy. There and all about the neighborhood he made an

exhaustive search into Joan’s history and character, and came back

with his verdict. It was very clear. The searcher reported that he

found Joan’s character to be in every way what he “would like his

own sister’s character to be.” Just about the same report that was

brought back to Poitiers, you see. Joan’s was a character which

could endure the minutest examination.

This verdict was a strong point for Joan, you will say. Yes, it

would have been if it could have seen the light; but Cauchon was

awake, and it disappeared from the procЉs verbal before the trial.

People were prudent enough not to inquire what became of it.

One would imagine that Cauchon was ready to begin the trial by

this time. But no, he devised one more scheme for poor Joan’s

destruction, and it promised to be a deadly one.

One of the great personages picked out and sent down by the

University of Paris was an ecclesiastic named Nicolas Loyseleur.

He was tall, handsome, grave, of smooth, soft speech and

courteous and winning manners. There was no seeming of

treachery or hypocrisy about him, yet he was full of both. He was

admitted to Joan’s prison by night, disguised as a cobbler; he

pretended to be from her own country; he professed to be secretly

a patriot; he revealed the fact that he was a priest. She was filled

with gladness to see one from the hills and plains that were so dear

to her; happier still to look upon a priest and disburden her heart in

confession, for the offices of the Church were the bread of life, the

breath of her nostrils to her, and she had been long forced to pine

for them in vain. She opened her whole innocent heart to this

creature, and in return he gave her advice concerning her trial

which could have destroyed her if her deep native wisdom had not

protected her against following it.

You will ask, what value could this scheme have, since the secrets

of the confessional are sacred and cannot be revealed? True–but

suppose another person should overhear them? That person is not

bound to keep the secret. Well, that is what happened. Cauchon

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